Everything you should know about cavities

Everything you should know about cavities

What you'll find in this article:

• What is cavity?
• What causes cavity│ Reasons for cavities
• Signs that you're starting to have a cavity
• How to know if you have cavities or not?
• What to do after you start to develop cavities?
• How to prevent cavities?

What is cavity?

Cavities are simply the result of teeth decay.  There are many factors that may result into tooth decay the food we eat, the way we keep our teeth clean, and the ingredients in the toothspastes that we use. Some people inherit it from their parents or grandparents. Because they had suffer from it. So, now it is passed onto their offsprings. There is records for this and this seems to be common where tooth problems are inherited by the next generation or thee offsprings.

What causes cavity│ Reasons for cavities

Some adults are more likely to have cavities if they are having dry mouth due to the lack of saliva. Dry mouth may be caused by various reasons like medication for other illness, some radiation treatment, disease and due to the lack  of sufficient water in the body. Those who smoke cigarettes or any other tobacco products highly suffer dry mouth. When thes tobacco products are consumed, the saliva used up and the mouth and throat becomes dry, as there is no saliva to keep it moist.


You should be very careful if you think or have cavities. It is a very serious condition and can result into something even more serious. Cavities can destroy the teeth if it is not treated properly in time. It can result into abscess because of the destruction of nerve cells. And eventually, abscess can cause death. So, please don't neglect the cavities.

Signs that you're starting to have a cavity

You won't be able to tell if you have a cavity or not without inspection fo your teeth by dentist. Regular check up of your teeth is a good idea, since your dentist will check for cavities too. You don't see cavities because most of them start below the gums. But the blacked area in your teeth can also indicate the development of cavity. Go to you dentist immediately if you notice it.

Main cause of cavities

Do you know the main reason that people have cavities? It's what they eat and drink. Sweet, sugary food products and drinks are main reasons that cause cavities. So many people consume such category of food products and don't clean their mouth properly. Bacterias act on these leftovers in mouth which gives you sour taste after few hours. That is because these bacterias has act on those leftovers and turned into acid. And you know, acid corrodes the enamel layer on teeth. With the individual keeping up this habit of consuming sugary products and not cleaning mouth properly, soon all enamel layer is destryoed and inner layer of tooth is exposed.


After enough enamel layer is destroyed, the tooth layer beneath begins to collapse. This results into formation of cavity. It will keep on spreading until all of the tooth is eaten away. If not treated in time, all of the enamel layer will be destroyed, cavity will keep getting larger and you'll feel pain whenever you consume any hot or cold foods. At this stage your root of tooth will have been exposed. That is why you'll feel pain.

What to do after you start to develop cavities?

Since, we chew and food particles are left in those areas, cavity will more than often start to develop from those inner chewing teeth, from near the gum line. It's always best to have regular check up with your dentist. If you're starting have a cavity, don't worry. Your dentist will treat it to stop from spreading further. But as soon as you suspect that you're starting to have a cavity, you should immediately meet with dentist and follow his instructions.

How to prevent cavities? Summary

Always clean your mouth and teeth properly after you consume any food products, not just sweet/sugary ones. I highly suggest you to cut down on sweet sugary food products. Sugar/sugary foods, drinks are the things you should consume as much less as possible. Drink plenty of water, 2-3 litres of water or more. If you smoke or intake any other tobacco products, change the habit. Replace that habit with something more productive.

8 Amazing Dental facts your Dentist didn’t tell you

Dental health is quite intriguing. There are plenty of myths around that we blindly believe and follow. Dental health is a whole science in itself and there is a lot more to it than appears so. Here are some interesting facts that an average person does not know about dental health.

• The commonly used practice of putting a cap on toothbrush is actually more detrimental. The moisture entrapped in the cap favors bacterial growth.

• You are not supposed to brush within 6 feet of a toilet. The airborne particles from the flush can travel up to a distance of 6 feet.

• 75% of the United States population suffers from some stage of periodontal gum disease.

• People who tend to drink 3 or more glasses of soda/pop daily have 62% more tooth decay, fillings and tooth loss than others.

• The first toothbrush with bristles was manufactured in China in 1498. Bristles from hogs, horses and badgers were used. The first commercial toothbrush was made in 1938.

• Fluoridated toothpastes when ingested habitually by kids can lead to fluoride toxicity.

• You are supposed to replace your toothbrush after you have an episode of flu, cold or other viral infections. Notorious microbes can implant themselves on the toothbrush bristles leading to re-infection.

• New born babies do not have tooth decay bacteria. Often, the bacteria are transmitted from mother to baby when she kisses the child or blows in hot food/drink before feeding the baby.

Top 10 Reasons to Practice Good Oral Hygiene

It is easy to understand why oral hygiene is important for your mouth. But did you know that poor oral hygiene causes problems throughout the rest of your body? Besides creating health issues, poor oral hygiene can create social issue for you too. Who wants to be known as the person with bad breath? If these aren't reasons enough to practice good oral hygiene, here are a few more:

Top 10 Reasons to Practice Good Oral Hygiene

1) Did you know that bad teeth, caused by poor oral hygiene, could give you a heart attack? Numerous recent studies have shown that ignoring oral hygiene could encourage heart disease and that there is a relationship between periodontal disease and a greater risk for developing problems with the heart and circulatory system. In a study at the University of Montana, researchers followed participants ranging in age from 57 - 75 with no history of stroke or heart disease. They scanned participants' carotid arteries for atherosclerosis and examined participants' teeth and gums, looking for signs of periodontal disease. Besides analyzing signs such as plaque on the teeth and pockets between the teeth and gum, they also counted the number of teeth each person - considering tooth loss to be a sign of past periodontal disease. The study showed that people with the most missing teeth had the most carotid artery plague.

2) Poor oral hygiene can give you systemic injuries. Pyorrhea is an infection of the gums and tooth-sockets. The infection starts beneath the edges of the gums and progresses into the membranes that attach the root of the tooth to the socket. There, a pocket is formed and as the pus is continually produced it is discharged into your mouth and swallowed. Also, as the tooth rises and falls in its diseased socket during ordinary chewing, bacteria are forced into the circulation and may be carried to other body parts, attacking tissues in which they can thrive including your heart, kidneys and lungs.

3) Practice good oral hygiene to keep all of your teeth. Pyorrhea is also the culprit of tooth loss. As this gum infection progresses, it destroys the membranes that attach the root of your tooth to the tooth's socket. A pocket is formed around the root and the tooth becomes loosened, eventually falling out.

4) Bad breathe, also known as halitosis, is caused by poor oral hygiene. Although there are other factors that affect the quality of your breath including smoking, gum disease, dry mouth and medicines, the primary cause of halitosis is oral bacteria. Control your breath by brushing, flossing and visiting your dentist for professional cleanings.

5) Good oral hygiene prevents cavities. One of the most obvious reasons to practice good oral hygiene is to prevent cavities. Acids that eat away at tooth enamel are caused by dental plaque. The bacteria in plaque consumes sugars and the waste product created from these bacteria digesting sugars is the acid that causes demineralization of tooth enamel and dentin. The more often and longer duration that food is in your mouth, the greater chance plaque has to grow. Minimize in-between meals and snacking. Brush twice and day and don't forget to floss.

6) Oral hygiene promotes a pretty mouth. Practicing good oral hygiene helps you to preserve your natural good looks. Your smile is one of the first things that people notice - and poor oral hygiene can speak volumes in an instant. If you have braces, oral hygiene is even more imperative. Spending thousands of dollars to straighten your teeth will seem meaningless if after you remove them you have white scaring on your enamel. Poor oral hygiene can allow plaque to work behind braces, causing white scars that could become permanent. Keep your teeth healthy, white and cavity-free with a nutritious diet, visits to your dentist twice a year and proper oral hygiene.

7) Oral hygiene prevents gum infection. Harmful bacteria called plaque are also the cause of gum disease. If you do not control plaque it will build up on your gums and irritate them, eventually causing them to bleed easily. When left uncontrolled the infection can attack your bone and connective tissues. Teeth will loosen and ultimately must be removed.

8) Oral hygiene is good for your bank account. Practicing good oral hygiene is the foundation of preventive dentistry, whose goal is to maintain healthy teeth and gums, and to prevent oral illnesses. A proper diet and plaque control will help you to safeguard yourself against dental decay and keep expensive repairs to your mouth to a minimum. While preventive dentistry, such as professional cleanings, is usually covered 100% by insurance, retroactive repairs such as root canals are not. Safe time and money by practicing good oral hygiene - and prevent expensive problems from rearing its ugly head.

9) Practice good oral hygiene to keep your energy levels high. Lack of sleep, hectic lifestyle and stress can weaken the body's defense system and affect overall wellbeing. When you have an infection in your mouth, it can cause your immune system to be constantly elevated. This constant elevation can affect your energy levels, making your feel tired more often as well as increasing your susceptibility to other illnesses.

10) Good oral hygiene is your most simple, economical way to keep a happy, healthy smile. Brush, floss, visit your dentist regularly cleanings and checkups, eat a healthy diet, drink lots of water and stop smoking. Following the proper approach to oral hygiene will held you keep a full, durable and brilliant set of teeth for your whole life.

Liver disease and tooth extraction.

The human body is one unit so you have to help your dentist to record carefully a full medical history for you. Liver problems are of the medical conditions that needs special care in dental clinic. liver diseases has many types but the most common are liver fibrosis as a result of viral infection or parasitic infection (belharizeases in some countries).

Dentist usually give extra care to liver patients because Liver is responsible of producing most of the factors that are essential for blood clotting. So viral hepatitis or any other distructive liver diseases can impair the normal coagulation mechanism and the patient of the uncontrolled liver disease tend to bleed more after surgery or tooth extraction. There is also an crossinfection risk if viral hepatitis(The most common liver problem) is present.

bleeding tendency: The diagnosis should be confirmed by a physician and the severity of liver affection should be taken into consideration by arranging for a coagulation screen tests  before any surgical treatment like extraction. Patients may need vitamin K or freshfrozen plasma to gain enough coagulation and, therefore, should be managed in hospital and the dentist also will concentrate on local methods of reducing post extraction bleeding like stitching or mesh supported dressing.

Drugs & medications: Drugs prescription is really dilemma as liver is responsible for the breakage and excretion of many toxic chemical materials including many drugs. Also there is some drugs that considered liver toxic and can really hurt the liver in compromised patients. so many drugs should be used with caution or avoided completely in severe liver disease. Paracetamol, NSAIDs, sedatives that usually prescribed after extraction or surgery  are the most common. Any drug prescribing should include reference to a drug formulary.  As some drugs even with normal dose can be txic to liver patient because he fails to break and excrete the drug so it accumulate in the body.  It is difficult to estimate the impairment of drug metabolism even with liver function tests so adjusting the doses of drugs can be very hard even for the experienced physician .

Cross viral infection:The most common form of liver disease is the A,B and C viral hepatitis caused by HAV, HBV AND HCV  so the routine precautions for infection control is essential which  means that all patients who needs extraction or any other oral surgery treatment, whether known high risk or not, should be managed in the same strict way to eliminate the risk of transmission of infectious agents like viruses and bacteria.

How to Prevent Bad Breath and Cavities

Bad breath comes with bacteria and bacteria brings infection, to eliminate this problem, it is important that you brush your teeth and tongue after every meal. Not doing this can cause sensitive points to appear on the teeth surface resulting in cavities.

Cavities lead to serious problems, but how do they actually form? The teeth exterior is covered with firm enamel made of mineralized fascicles. This surface is coated by an acid substance that infiltrates between the fascicles while eating. Bacteria are now settled in your mouth and unfortunately so too is the bad breath.

Fluoride toothpastes, mouthwash or drinkable water that contain flour are a great source for solving dental problems. You should test the water you usually consume and find out its flour concentration. If the amount of flour found is not adequate, doctors can prescribe a medical treatment, which mimics the same effects, otherwise, the problem of tooth decay and cavities may become serious. Mouthwash, special medicine drops or even tablets can end the teeth damage process.

If you think you are developing cavities, see your dentist as soon as possible. Superficial cavities will eventually deepen, reaching into the root of the tooth and causing the pulp to become infected. A dental abscess may then appear causing you to suffer great pain and bad breath due to the tooth being surrounded by a smelly pus bag.

Pus appears because the body starts producing antibodies to fight the infection. Bacteria will spread infection in the tissue surrounding the tooth and consequently spread an annoying bad smell in your mouth.

Your breath will become unbearable because the gums affected can deviate from the tooth and the space between them can collect particles of the food that you eat which can later form bacteria. A dental abscess can also seriously affect the bone tissue surrounding the teeth.

Some of the symptoms to look out for are throbbing toothaches, especially during eating, red or swollen gums, fever or a bad taste in your mouth. You may also notice a tooth color change to grey or pink.

A bulge on the gum near the tooth can form and a considerable amount of yellow pus or blood may ooze from the red, bulging zone.

As the infection spreads the ache may decrease and this is the effect of bone tissue dissolution. When losing this tissue the tooth is poorly fixed and may be dislodged. A medical exam is mandatory in this situation.

A dentist may inspect the oral cavity to identify the swollen gums or other infection signs that suggest a dental abscess. A dental radiography may also be necessary. The dentist will make an informed decision on what antibiotics should be used to eliminate the infection. They may also need to make an incision on the upper or backside of the tooth to drain the infection. If necessary, they can also make an incision on the bulging zone to drain the infection.

Therefore, it is very important to have regular dental checkups to save yourself from the embarrassment of bad breath and excruciating pain from infected teeth. Prevention is always better than cure.

Main cause of Halitosis, Bad Breath

What can be main reason behind bad breath? Well, according to clinical 

studies, all that build-up of bacteria on the tongue is the main cause. Not just bad breath, but also other maladies of the mouth, even gum disease, have been shown to be somewhat linked to those odour-causing bacteria.

Keeping our breath fresh is actually quite difficult because bacteria (unfriendly ones), find it really easy to hide on the tongue. Why? Well, notice the texture of the tongue - just look in the mirror now and see... they love to hide there. A plaque builds up on the tongue (consisting of bacteria and other bacterial by-products) most noticeably at night, and stays there undisturbed, whether or not you brush your teeth in the morning.

If you want to effectively remove the film of plaque, brushing your tongue with a toothbrush will not work. You will only stir it up.

The American Dental Association News recently reported that halitosis experts agree that the dominant cause of bad breath is the bacteria on the tongue.

This is a recent quote from Time Life Magazine: "When saliva collects in the mouth - particularly in depressions at the back of the tongue - and is digested by oral bacteria, powerful odours can result."

Volatile Sulphur Compounds (or VSCs, similar to the gasses released by a rotten egg) build up on the tongue. They are the waste products of the bacteria, and they smell terrible. Recent research suggests that these VSCs may even be the first factors to bring about the gum disease itself, and active gum disease also results in the release of more of them.

While volatile sulphur compounds are the principle causative agents of bad breath, the bacteria that live in our mouths also produce other waste products, and some of these have their own unpleasant odours too. A few of these wastes are:

Cadaverine - this is what we smell from dead bodies

Putrescine - decaying meat-like smells

Skatole - the characteristic smell of human faecal matter

Isovaleric acid - the smell of sweaty feet

I bet you are surprised to learn that this pleasant cocktail of odour-causing chemicals is found in the human mouth, and everyone has them. Our breath always has some level of these compounds in them.

Normally, we can't even detect these compounds with our noses because the levels are usually very low. But when they increase beyond a certain level, other people can pick them up, and that's when we are said to have "bad breath."

Along with normal mucus productions, food particles left over after eating stay on the tongue and create a nice coating which is an ideal hiding place for the bacteria. Also, the rough texture of the tongue aids in their hiding.

Here they are safe. Why? Because they don't like oxygen, in fact they will die from exposure to it, and when the coating on the tongue is undisturbed, they are happily making their smelly chemicals and giving you bad breath.

This is the primary cause of bad breath, or halitosis. It also leads to increased risk of decay (especially root surface decay), and a decreased sense of taste. There are no shortcuts or magic pills - cleanliness is the solution.

You now know the main cause for bad breath. So, always keep your mouth clean as much as possible.  

What is periodontitis? Causes of Periodontosis

Periodontitis is a oral disease in which there is loss of bone in the jaw. This bone is essential in holding the teeth in place in the jaw. 

Periodontitis is one of the largest problems in dental hygiene in the U.S. it ranks second only to cavities. The American Academy of Periodontology have data that states that in the U.S, 30-55 percent of adults are affected by Periodontitis in a mild to moderate form. The percentage of the less fortunate people who suffer from a more severe stage of Periodontitis is 5 to 20 percent of the population.

Healthy human tissues regenerate themselves over a period of time.In Peridontitis, however, the rate of loss of the bone material is much faster than the rate of its regeneration. Though scientists have come to understand how bone material is lost, they have not yet found out a clear reason why new bone formation could be impaired. 

What causes Periodontitis?

According to a new paper by UCLA researchers, it is suggested that a master protein may control the impairment of bone formation in the serious gum disease called Periodontitis.

In another paper published in the online edition of the journal Nature Medicine, researchers have again suggested that a master protein is involved heavily in the process of degeneration of the jawbone structure. They have identified a protein called nuclear factor-kB (NF-kB). They say it is this protein that is responsible for inhibiting regeneration of the bone material. Arresting the function of this master protein, called nuclear factor-kB, will help in maintaining the bone formation.

This NF-kB protein was recognized to play a part in cells that are responsible for resorbing bone. This is what could lead to loss of bone, or impairment of regeneration of bone material.

Research and development in treating Periodontitis.

Research and development in arresting degeneration of the jawbone and finding effective treatment for periodontitis is ongoing in order to improve oral hygiene and health. The UCLA researchers have used a different approach in their study of the NF-kB protein. 

They have turned around their focus from the role of the NF-kB protein in cells that results in reabsorbing the bone and have chosen to look at the role it plays and its effects in inhibiting cells that are responsible in forming bone instead. They hope this will lead to better understanding of the dreadful disease and thus a better treatment of the disease eventually resulting in better oral health.

Know More ABout Denture Adhesives

Denture adhesives refer to a category of commercial products that used to increase the retention and stability of  different types of complete dentures. Denture adhesives are usually introduced in the form of powder, glow or adhesive  tapes.

Denture stability  is the first requirement needed to gain the patient satisfaction, No one wants to wear a denture that is not fixed in place or even fall during speaking or eating, It can be really embarrassing and can lead to denture phobia.

Dentures don’t need adhesives  if the patient has enough ridge height and healthy salivation . But sometimes the patient spend much time eating on he toothless ridge which may cause ridge bone  loss. Also there are many other causes  that can prevent  denture stability, In these cases may be you will need the assistance of denture adhesives.

Types and forms : Denture Adhesives

Denture adhesive  is a bio-compatible glow that used to keep the denture in place during function. There are many types and forms available today like powder, paste and tape.

So what is the best type for you??

Lets say that we can not favor one of the previous forms for every case,  it depends on the case. Some people like the paste form as it gives a good retention while the others hate it because the excess paste is spilled in the mouth and need to be cleaned. Many patients like the powder form as the excess powder is not a  problem because it is very easy to be cleaned, But we have to mention that some patients find it “Not retentive enough”.

So you should try some of the available brands until you discover the one that can give you the best results,  sure consulting your dentist will shorten the road.

Do you need denture adhesives?

First we have to concentrate on a very important point “Adhesives are not the solution for ill fitted rocking denture “.  It is very important for you to know that adhesives should only be used with properly manufactured, good fitting  and non rocking dentures. If you have a new denture and it is not fitting, rocking or cause sores and ulcers then you should  see your dentist quickly to fix it. If you neglected the problem and tried to use adhesives the jaw bone will shrink  which will be very hard for the dentist to repair and sometimes you will need to make a new denture that can be worse than the first one.

What if you have an old denture that was retentive and stable then after 2-5 years  it becomes loose, falling or rock during speaking or eating. Unfortunately denture adhesives are not the solution here this old denture needs what we call “relining”. Relining is needed when the dimension of the jaw bone under the denture shrinks  as a response to the mastication force falling on it.  In this case you have to see your dentist to take a new impression  to add a thin layer compensating the lost bone.

Before judgement you have to collect knowledge, Get a closer look to Islam.

So it is indicated to use adhesives only when you have a properly manufactured denture, that accurately fits your gum but has a bad retention due to insufficient height of ridge bone or insufficient salivation.

Some times the denture is  fixed in place but you just need more confidence that it will not fall during speaking or eating. This fear is common among new denture wearers so it is OK to use it but you have to concentrate more in training your self to stabilize the denture in place as the muscles coordination has a great role in denture fixation.

How to use denture adhesives:

1-First clean your denture with tooth brush or denture brush.

2- If you will use powder adhesive keep the fitting surface a little wet then shake the powder container lightly to spread the powder to the fitting surface then wear your denture. Don’t eat for the next 15-30 min.

In case of paste adhesive apply a separate pea sized pieces  from the tube to the fitting surface and keep the adhesive away from the denture base periphery not  to expel the excess in your mouth. Then put the denture in place. Using too much adhesive won’t be useful and will be hard to clean .

With the tape adhesive you will just adheres the tape to the denture base and put it in your mouth after customizing it and cutting the excess.

Generally use the least amount of the adhesive first then gradually increase the amount every day till you reach the best sufficient amount needed to stabilize your denture.

Some adhesives may cause some kind of allergy that is usually presented as gum burning or redness,  in that case stop using it and call your dentist to prescribe you a different brand .

There are many denture adhesive brands  in the market. Cushion grip, Equate Firm grip, Super poli grip, Fixodent, Sea bond and Ends lip. The selection is yours you can use any of them according to your preference. The prices range from 3$ to 25&.

Professional teeth whitening

Teeth whitening popularity is rising rapidly these days as every one wants a pearl white teeth.  The concept of teeth whitening is based on the oxidization effect of free oxygen on stain particles. The teeth whitener or the teeth whitening agent releases free oxygen that penetrates the tooth to reach the deep layers where internal stains present.

When the free oxygen attacks the large molecules of dental stains it breaks it to a smaller particles that is lighter in color.

There is many forms of teeth whitening  available but generally we can categories it to.

    * Dentist applied (which called dentist or professional teeth whitening)
    * Dentist prescribed (which called at home teeth whitening).

The home teeth whitening method start by your visit to you dentist to examine your teeth and to be sure that there is no contraindications for teeth whitening treatment  like caries or gum recession , So please don’t start applying any of the products available in the market without dentist prescription as this may be dangerous and many of these products lakes the proper testing and evaluation, So your dentist is the best one who can choose you what to use and how to use it AND sometimes you are contraindicated to use teeth bleaching at all.

Dentist or professional teeth whitening products are based usually on hydrogen peroxide as an active ingredient . Some times carbamide peroxide is used but it release half of the oxygen released by the same concentration hydrogen peroxide so many dentists prefer the hydrogen peroxide based whiteners.

The procedures of teeth whitener application is depending to the system but generally we can summarize it as follow:

1-Careful examination

2- Calculus removal and teeth polishing: This is a very important step and i think it is the cause of the failure that happens with over the counter teeth whiteners. When teeth scaling is neglected the free oxygen released by the whitening gel react with tartar, plaque and superficial stains and after this reaction there will be no oxygen left to react with the deep dark stains that cause the dark color of the teeth  which will lead to failure of the treatment.

3- Soft tissue isolation : This is the reason that makes professional teeth whitening more safe and less annoying than home teeth bleaching as the dentist will isolate the gum, cheek and lips not to come in contact with the teeth whitener gel which cause the material to be more concentrated on the teeth, This can  also diminish the burning effect of oxygen on gum and lips. There is many ways to isolate the soft tissue either by using rubber dam to cover gum and lip or painting isolating resins to gum and lips before applying of the material.

4-Application of teeth whitening gel:  Teeth whitening gel may be used directly as a painting to the labial surface of the teeth or may be loaded to a custom tray that the patient wear. Also some systems like ZOOM needs light source to be activated and others may be activated chemically with no need to light. generally light systems are a little bit expensive and supposed to be more effective although some authors stated that the efficacy  is almost the same but i see that light activated systems are a little bit more effective.

The application time vary from 10 min to 45 min in some systems and also the number of application vary according to the case and the system used.

5-Rinsing the gel and removal of the insulator system.

6- Applying of desensitization gel: Dentists prefer to apply desensitizers after finishing of the whitening process as this will relive the sensitivity that happens some times and also repair the tooth surface enamel and remineralize  the lost calcium from the tooth.

After all dentist applied teeth whitening is considered the best solution to have a whiter teeth if you can afford it. It is safe,  fast and have the best results the only disadvantage is the cost as it usually coast from 500- 1000 $ which is much higher than you usually pay for home teeth whitening systems available in market so forget all the faulty information on the internet and choose it, If you can’t afford it then let your dentist describe any good at home system,  It will work too.

Treatments of fractured teeth

Tooth fractures can be of different types and each type needs to be treated differently.

    * Minor Cracks: These are also known as “craze lines” and are surface cracks affecting the white surface of your tooth, known as the enamel.

      These cracks do not require any treatment.
      However, a dentist might polish the effected area to smoothen the rough spots.
    * Cracked Tooth: This is one such fracture type that affects the tooth on the whole, from the surface used for chewing to the nerve. Cracks can often be mended with typical dental filling materials.
      The tooth can also be prevented with the help of a crown and this also helps in preventing the worsening of tooth. If there’s a damage in the pulp (nerve, live tissues), a root canal treatment might be needed.
    * Chips: Minor chips might not need treatment all the time. Your dentist might just repair the damage with the help of filing material in order to prevent worsening. If the chip is a tiny one, polishing would be enough to even out the area that has been chipped.
    * Broken Cusps: These are breaks that affect the pointed cusps or the chewing surface of your teeth. They are unlikely to affect your pulp and might not cause any pain as well. Your dentist might feel the need to mend the damage if it disrupts chewing. A crown or onlay might however be required.
    * Serious Breaks: These are deeper breaks that can expose and affect the nerve. This causes pain and tooth sensitivity. The broken part of a tooth usually bleeds. You will have to undergo a root canal treatment for removing the nerve that has been exposed and then crown it in order to bring the tooth back to its regular functions so that you can chew and eat properly.
    * Split Tooth: In this case, the tooth splits vertically into separate parts. Some teeth, like the ones at the back (the molars), have quite a few roots. One of the roots can possibly be kept and then covered with a crown.
      Firstly, a root canal treatment becomes obvious. Secondly, the damaged roots will be removed by the dentist. Thirdly, the root will be covered by a crown and the tooth will be replaced. In case if the root is totally damaged and can in no ways be saved, removing the tooth is the ultimate choice.
    * Vertical Breaks / Split Root: These cracks affect the root of tooth first and then expand upwards to reach the chewing surface. These are painful breaks and are caused by infection and inflammation. This calls for a tooth removal.
    * Decay-Induces Break: This is a case of a broke tooth caused by cavities that weaken the tooth, inside out. A dentist will examine the cavity and will then recommend the best way of restoring the tooth. In certain cases, the tooth might have to be removed.

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Are You Suffering from Gum boil

Gum boil is a very common complain that we see in our clinics every day. The case usually is a result of neglected dental abscess.

Gum boil symptoms:

The case is usually presented as small opining in the gum that drain pus or sometimes blood if you apply pressure to it. The area around the boil  is usually a little swallowed and red. The pus drainage may stop for a while and the opining may even close, but usually if the case is not treated the pus will be accumulated again in the tissue and the opining will appear again to drain the formed pus. The neighboring tooth usually is sensitive to pressure and produce pain with chewing but sometimes the pain is not obvious in chronic cases. The neighboring tooth usually have a very large cavity or severe periodontal problems. The patient usually complain of bad breath and salty bad taste as a result of the drained pus.

Some times the case  may take an acute course and here the symptoms will be generalized in the form of face swelling, fever and lymph node tenderness.
Gum boils causes and types:

Gum boil or abscess causes includes extensive caries with necrotic nerve of tooth or severe, deep periodontal pocket we will discuss both in details.

Dental pockets start with gingival inflammation due to plaque and tartar accumulation if the gingival inflammation still untreated the bacteria will start to invade the periodontal ligament that is responsible of cementing the root  surface to the gum tissue and bone. As a result of bacterial invasion into the periodontal ligament the attachment is lost between tooth and gum forming what is called dental pocket.  Later this pocket is filled with bacteria and food debris which may cause pus formation and the pus oozing  start.

The most common cause of gum boil is teeth abscess. Teeth abscess usually formed as a result of caries that reached the pulp so the caries bacteria ferment the pulp tissue and continue to invade the periodontal ligament and jaw bones over the diseased root. As a result to body reaction to bacterial invasion pus formed and the resultant pus pressure leads tissue destruction and this continue till a canal is formed to drain the pus out witch lead in the end to form gum boil that drain the pus out.

Treatment:
 

Once you discover it you should see your dentist quickly as in many cases if the boil treated quickly we may avoid tooth extraction.  The dentist will examine you carefully to discover the cause and usually an x-ray film is taken.  Once the cause is discovered the second step will be draining the pus by starting root canal treatment to let the pus get out from an opining inside the tooth crown, Sometimes making a small incision in the gum to drain the pus or even extract the tooth if your decided that the tooth is hopeless.

Then if the dentist decided that the tooth is hopeful he may perform root canal treatment or gingival surgery to treat the gum pocket.

Prognosis:

Unfortunately usually many of  the teeth that cause  gum boils should be extracted to completely relief the case. But we have to say that many teeth with gum boils may be conserved and even restore it’s normal functions after successful root canal or gingival surgery. So your dentist is the only one to decide what to do with it and your role is only to see your dentist as fast as possible as this may help to conserve the tooth and avoid extraction.

What to do at home:

As we mentioned before once you have gum boil you should see your dentist as fast as possible. Till you find a date in you dentist clinic you should try to drain the formed pus by applying light pressure on the gum around the opining and use warm saline as mouth wash to increase the blood supply to the area to help the drainage and relief the symptoms.

Causes and Treatment- Yellow Teeth

Yellow Teeth

Having yellow teeth can not only be embarrassing at times but also harm your self-esteem.

It might make you conscious of your teeth whenever you feel the urge to flash your smile. The first step in getting rid of this ugly yellow tinge is to determine the cause of it.

Yellow Teeth Causes

    * Natural: Some individual’s teeth are naturally yellow in color. This is no defect as not all of us are lucky enough to have naturally white teeth. Here is the detailed reason for this natural yellow color. The outer most covering of the teeth (enamel) is white.

      However, the layer below this, which is the dentin, is naturally yellow. In some conditions, the outermost layer is not well mineralized causing it to become translucent. This makes the color of the dentin (yellow) more apparent and you can’t change this natural tooth color unless you use advanced whitening methods.

Causes and Treatment of Yellow Teeth

yellow teeth

    * Aging: You have to accept the fact that yellowing of teeth is also a natural aspect of aging. However careful you might have been in maintaining your oral hygiene, over a long period of time staining agents generally seep in to your teeth giving it a yellowish tinge. Also, the enamel wears down and the natural yellow color of the underlying layer (dentin) becomes visible.

    * Oral hygiene: Poor Oral hygiene is a major cause of yellow teeth colour. You could say “yellow teeth can have various causes” but poor oral hygiene ALWAYS result in yellow teeth(along with a lot of other dental problems)

    * Food Habits: The chromogenic (COLOUR IMPARTING) food and beverages we consume can be held responsible for a vast majority of tooth discolorations. Foods such as tea, coffee, soda and berries have colour imparting properties. Smoking and chewing tobacco causes stained teeth as well due to nicotine deposits on teeth.

Yellow Teeth Treatment:

Although we can try our best to control the yellowing of our teeth by simple methods, sometimes it’s just not possible and we have to look towards more advanced methods.


Simple Methods:

    * Brush and Floss twice a day.
    * Brushing after consuming color imparting agents like coffee, tea, soda etc
    * Using Whitening toothpaste and chewing sugarless whitening gums.
    * Using Whitening strips or paint on bleach.

Advanced Methods

    * Using Dental Veneers.
    * Using various tooth whitening methods especially the in-office tooth bleaching.

Teeth Grinding(Bruxism) Can Give You A Headache

Does your wife or partner complain, every morning, about your teeth grinding or teeth clenching keeping her awake? The very fact that your wife complained about it keeping her awake made you aware about your habit. It is always the person sleeping at the side of you who will be able to tell you.
This habit of grinding and clenching the teeth is known as bruxism.

Here, people with irregular or infrequent bruxism do no get affected as much. It does not really show the damage done to the jaws and teeth. It is those who are habitual grinders who get affected. In severe cases it can also damage one’s jaw or hearing.

The question arises as to how would one know if he or she grinds or clenches their teeth? If detected how bruxism can be treated? It has been studied that some people make a noise when grinding their teeth thus making it detectable while some do not make a single sound making it hard to detect.
There are two ways one can know if they have bruxism, first is when your partner complains about it and second is when after a night’s sleep you get up with an ache in your jaws or a slight, persistent headache. Whatever the case, a checkup by the dentist is pertinent.


Consequences of teeth grinding or clenching:

There are many outcomes to teeth grinding two of which are mentioned above:

    * Severe toothache
    * Sensitive to biting food
    * Sensitive to hot or cold food
    * In advanced cases the teeth can break or result in fractures
    * Tooth loss

Precaution And Treatment

People visiting the dentist usually complain of severe toothache. To stop this toothache the very habit has to be put to an end. Otherwise there are other factors that could cause it and have to be contained:

    * Lower stress and relax daily
    * Reduce alcohol consumption and intake of caffeine
    * If grinding becomes a problem at night ask your dentist to recommend a nightguard
    * If your dentist says it is caused because of irregular bite, he would suggest teeth alignment.

How To Correctly Brush Your Teeth

How to Brush Teeth

Brushing our teeth is an everyday activity for all of us. Yet, it is staggering that quite a majority of adults do not know the correct method to properly brush their teeth leading to oral concerns in the long run including but not limited to Plaque, Calculus, Bleeding Gums, Halitosis(Bad breath), Gum diseases, Caries, Tooth discoloration.

It should be noted that most of these dental problems do not evoke any symptoms or pain until they have progressed to a relatively advanced stage. Infact, many people search on the search engines on “how to brush my dogs teeth” when they should rather be searching for “how to brush my teeth”

There have been various tooth brushing techniques suggested historically by dentists but the most accepted brushing technique is “The Bass Method”.

Here, I outline step by step the strategy for effectively brushing your teeth keeping dental problems at bay.

    * -Always use a soft bristled tooth brush, hard bristles damage your gums leading to gingival
      recession.
    * -Wet your toothbrush and take a pea amount of toothpaste.
      position12 How To Correctly Brush Your Teeth

      position1
    * -Hold the tooth brush tilted an angle of 45 degrees towards your gums. The upper teeth (Maxillary teeth) should be cleaned first. Begin at the frontal (visible) aspect of the most posterior (Back) teeth and clean the teeth 3 at a time.

position 2

    * -Use short, back and forth motions with out exerting too much pressure. Concentrate on the part of tooth which is nearer to the gums (the neck of the tooth technically referred as Cervical 1/3 of tooth.) as improper cleaning of this part is most often responsible for gum diseases.
    * -First clean the frontal (visible/outer) surface of teeth, then the chewing surfaceand lastly the inner surfaces. If you find the head of brush too large to maintain the 45 degree angle while cleaning the inner surface of teeth, use the brush vertically.


    * -Now, Lift the brush and move anteriorly to the next 3 teeth and repeat the same process cleaning the outer, chewing and inner surfaces.
    * -Continue along the arch till you reach the end of the arch and then shift to the lower teeth and clean them in a similar way.

      position 3
    * -Brush gently along the gum line of your tooth as this effectively dislodges any accumulated food debris (on which bacteria grows).
    * -Brush your tongue too which keeps bad breath away.

How Does Candy And Snacks Affect Our Teeth

Eating candy, toffee, snacks and munchies can cause teeth to decay because of the cultivated starches that get stuck between the teeth and in turn cause periodontal disease. This type of fast food that remain in the mouth for long intervals cause bacteria to grow which forms acidic and then decay the teeth and the gums.

How do we know when food can affect our teeth causing bacteria?

We would be able to make out when food is stuck between teeth when even after some a long time we can get the taste of that food or can feel it around. This is bad because it has already caused the bacteria to thrive.

What are the consequences of eating Fast Food in Children?

Children are the first to bear the brunt of fast foods especially if their life revolves around it. The outcomes, which not only affects teeth but also overall health in daily life are:

    * Food that gets stuck in between teeth causes tooth decay leading to endless pain.
    * Their school life gets affected with this pain disturbing their concentration and hindering their learning capacity.
    * Eating too much of this food, which lacks nutritive value, can result in obesity, diabetes (Type 2) and problems related to the heart.
    * All these factors can worsen over time causing acute tooth infection.
    * For growing children, fast food which lacks nutrition and does not have enough calcium causes harmful effects on new teeth coming in which could be unhealthy and lack strength.
    * Lack of nutrition and calcium can cause weak bones and ion deficiency could result in stunted brain development.

Healthy habits to follow

Our body requires the necessary amounts of calcium, ion and nutrients to grow. To achieve this development a healthy balance of food is required. Home cooked food is the healthiest for children and economical.

Eating good home cooked food does not require lots of money. In the first place it is healthy, nourishing, wholesome and cheap if cooked in large quantities for the whole family as compared to any outdoor eatery where the quality may be questioned and the quantity limited.

A diet full of fruits and vegetables is the ideal diet. The more colorful they are the more nutritious they can be. So, the right amount of healthy food and the minimum amount of processed foods or packaged foods, as they contain preservatives, should be consumed. Before buying any processed foods it is better to check the ingredients listed on the package. A list with more preservatives should be avoided.

Teaching a child when he or she is small is very important. What he learns to eat at this age will be carried on till he grows up. Therefore it is imperative to start healthy food early in life. A child has also to be made aware that processed foods have preservatives which are not good, they should be kept to the minimum and should not be eaten as a substitute to food.

Tooth Extraction Preparation and Types

Tooth Extraction Preparation

You will be asked about your past medical health and about your dental history as well. An X-ray will be taken by the dentist of the affected area in order to plan the best method of tooth removal.

Some of the healthcare professionals might prescribe antibiotics that are to be taken pre and post surgery. This practice usually varies as per the dentist or the oral surgeon you are consulting.

If you are prepared for a conscious sedation or a deeper anesthesia, wear short sleeved clothes or sleeveless ones that can easily be rolled up. This allows an easy access to the intravenous (IV) line that needs to be placed in your vein.

You will also be told that you must not eat or even drink anything for at least 6 to 8 hours before the surgery. You should also make sure to have someone by your side who will drive you back home after the surgical procedure.

Tooth Extraction – How it is done?

Extractions are of two types:

    * A simple method of extraction can be performed on a tooth and can be seen in your mouth. General dentists prefer to do simple extractions. Most of these cases are done with the help of a local anesthetic injection, with or without any anti-anxiety drug. In case of a simple extraction, a dentist will clutch the damaged tooth with a pair of forceps and will loosen it by moving the pair of forceps backward and forward. After this, the tooth will be pulled out. In some cases, the dentist might also use a dental ‘elevator’ to slacken the tooth. An elevator is a dental instrument that actually fits between the tooth and gum.

    * Surgical extraction is needed in case if the teeth cannot be easily seen. These teeth might either not have come up yet or might have broken off in such a way that half of the teeth still remains in the gum line. In order to see and to remove such a tooth, the dentist or the oral surgeon will have to cut and then pull the gums back.

Surgical extraction procedures are usually done by the oral surgeons. These procedures are conducted under local anesthesia (given as injections) and you may also opt for conscious sedation. Patients with medical complications and children are given general anesthesia. In case of a surgical extraction, the dentist must make an incision in the gum in order to locate the tooth.

In critical cases, the tooth will be cut into pieces and then removed.

If you are getting a tooth extraction and you are to receive a conscious sedation, you might also be given steroids in the IV line to help lessen the swelling caused after the surgery.

If you need to remove all the four wisdom teeth, you have to get it done at the same time. The topmost teeth can be easily removed, but the lower ones might prove to be difficult.

Advices for new denture wearers

Most patients with new dentures expect too much. They expect from the dentist to offer a denture that as comfortable and functional as their lost natural teeth and this is simply impossible in most cases.

Coping with new dentures :

1-You have to know that wearing new denture is difficult in the beginning and you will need time to get used to wearing it so relax we are not in a hurry and you can accommodate to it  gradually. You should also know that many patients spend a horrible time in the beginning and they think that they will never be able to wear it then gradually use their dentures perfectly.

2-If you have no problems in wearing your new denture you should wear it as much as possible, but if you have problems like gagging you can start first with one jaw only until you used to it  then wear the two jaws  and increase the wearing time day after day.

3-You shouldn’t wear your denture at night keep it in a water glass or denture storing solutions.

4-How to eat with your new denture:

• At the beginning you should cut food into small pieces.
• Also you should chew your food on both sides in the same time this will help you to stabilize the denture in the beginning.
• Try to avoid hard food that needs an effort to chew till you get used to your denture.
• also sticky food food should be avoided till you become an expert.

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5-Looseness of new dentures:

at first dentures can be loose a little until the patient adapt it. Also dentures usually need 10-30 minutes to become fixed when first inserted. Normally looseness will be disappeared gradually if the denture is manufactured properly

6-Cleaning new dentures: food debris sometimes accumulated under the denture or even if no food debris is accumulated the denture should be cleaned at least twice daily to be sure that there is no plaque or bacteria is adhering to the denture.

there is so many denture cleaners available and we will discuss this subject later in a separate post but at least dental brush and tooth paste should be used till you buy denture cleaner.

7-Discomfort, pain or ulcers:

it is quite normal that patient will feel discomfort in the few days after wearing new dentures . If the symptoms don’t relieve in a few days you should see your dentist.if you have ulcers or wounds stop wearing your denture and see your dentist directly.

Top 10 Cosmetic Dental Procedures

A great smile often acts as a booster for your self confidence and modern cosmetic dentistry has enabled us many advanced procedures to reshape our smile. You must consult your dentist first to determine which cosmetic dental procedure is best for your needs.

Here are some of the most common cosmetic dental procedures that can help you own that beautiful smile.

Teeth Whitening or Bleaching

This procedure is usually done inside the dentist’s clinic but you can also get some products at some retail stores. Their prices vary so you can definitely find one that will suit every budget. This kind of treatment is used to eliminate tooth stains and discoloration. The results can be instantly achieved and you can enjoy whiter teeth for a long time.

Dental Implants

This type of dental procedure is a better alternative to traditional dentures because it could give you the kind of teeth that will look and feel more natural. The teeth will be planted directly into the bones so you will not have to worry about your teeth falling off. These tend to be costlier though.

Dental Bonding

Teeth could easily get crooked or broken due to injury and some people are just born with not-so-perfect teeth. So, dental bonding is highly recommended to fix these kinds of problem. A clay-like material will be applied to the teeth and a special kind of intense light will be used to harden the material and give the best possible results.

Veneers

These are usually made of porcelain to achieve shiny and white teeth.  Dental veneers are specifically recommended for people with tooth discoloration or heavy stains problems. This dental procedure could also correct damaged teeth due to other causes. It could effectively change the way your teeth look and could create a positive effect on your teeth’s appearance.

White Fillings (Composites)

Fillings are commonly used to repair the damages or holes caused by cavities. They often come in metallic form which is highly noticeable when you smile but now, these fillings also come in white shades that will easily blend with the color of your teeth. These are known as composites. You will achieve a more natural look with these kinds of fillings.

Dental Bridge (Fixed partial denture)

This will help eliminate the flat look or effect caused by the absence of teeth. A denture will be placed on the location of the missing tooth and will be connected by a crown. This could definitely bring back the natural appeal of your smile. Bridges are better alternatives to removable partial dentures in comfort level as well as aesthetic appeal.

Dental Contouring

This is used to align or straighten crooked or overlapped teeth. It could also help people who have problems with the shape of their teeth. The procedure is simple and there will be no to little pain that is completely tolerable.

Cosmetic Gum Surgery

Have you ever noticed some people who seem to have very long teeth? This is because of the recession of gums due to the natural aging process or gum disease. Gum disease is a very dangerous entity that can lead to the recession of the gums. This could be fixed by grafting some tissues from the other areas of your mouth and then using these to rebuild the gum area.

Custom Dentures

This is the simplest form of dental procedure when it comes to replacing missing teeth. It has become the most common preference because of its simplicity and as it costs cheaper.

Accelerated Orthodontics

This is one of the best ways to achieve perfectly straight or aligned teeth. This is better than getting braces because the process will normally take about 3-8 months only compared to braces that could stay on your teeth for years.

Tooth Pain

   1. Introduction to tooth pain

   2. Causes of tooth pain

   3. Prevention of tooth pain

   4. Home remedies for tooth pain

   5. Treatment of tooth pain

Introduction to tooth pain

“Tooth pain” or “Tooth ache” can be generally regarded as pain around a particular tooth, teeth or jaws. Tooth pain can range from mild discomfort or sensitivity to being excruciatingly painful. Some women have even compared toothpain to being as painful as child birth. Of course, these might be exaggerated claims from some desperate women, but it does reflect the intensity of the pain arising from a toothache.

The actual pain we feel is due to the irritation of the nerves which are associated with the tooth/teeth. If you didn’t know, nerves are responsible for carrying sensations like heat, cold, touch and PAIN to the brain. In this case when the nerves inside the tooth are irritated, these carry the pain impulse to the brain.

Causes of toothpain

Most of the causes of tooth pain are limited to oral/dental causes.

The oral causes of tooth pain are

    * Tooth Decay or Cavity (being the most common cause of tooth pain)

The most common cause of tooth pain is Tooth Decay. Tooth decay is the degradation of the tooth due to harmful acids secreted by bacteria in the oral cavity.

    * Gum Disease

The next important causing agent of tooth pain is gum disease. Poor oral hygiene leads to bacterial plaque accumulation and the toxins release from these bacteria damage the gums. The gums become swollen, red and painful (Gingivitis). If gum disease is not controlled early, you are at a risk of losing your tooth.

    * Root Sensitivity

Root sensitivity (commonly termed as tooth sensitivity) is when the roots of the teeth become exposed due to recession of the gums. The roots are very sensitive and respond with pain to reasonably hot or cold foods.

    * Cracked teeth

A painful accidental blow or extreme biting force can cause the tooth fracture which can become a source of intense pain whenever the fractured tooth is even touched.

    * Temporomandibular joint(TMJ) Disorder

TMJ disorder is an inflammatory reaction at the sight of the lodgment of the lower jaw at the skull. Various factors such as Bruxism (Night grinding or teeth grinding), arthritis can cause TMJ disorders.

    * Wisdom tooth eruption or impaction

The eruption of Wisdom tooth often causes pain due to its misalignement. It can become impacted (does not erupt) and require surgical extraction.

    * Fillings:

People who have undergone fillings can get severe toothache suddenly. This might be because of the spread of the decay to the pulp and you will need to undergo root canal treatment for that. It can also occur due to accumulation of fluid with organic debris and bacteria between the filling and your teeth often termed as microleakage in dental jargon.

The non-oral causes include Ear and Sinus infections .

Prevention of tooth pain

There is no magic trick to prevent tooth pain from occurring. All you need to do is maintain a good oral hygiene which you can do by following the 10 Commandments for healthy teeth.

Home remedies for toothpain

There isn’t a fixed time for toothpain to occur. You can’t drive to your dentist at 3 am at night. However, you can surf the net looking for home remedies. Although, these should not be substituted for a visit to the dentist, they can provide temporary relief from the agonizing pain.

I have not tried any of them and do not suggest their use either. They are listed here for informational purposes only

1. Sensodyne Therapy: Works for tooth cavities

   1. Rinse your mouth with warm water.

   2. Put max strength sensodyne toothpaste on the cavity.

   3. You can feel the pain relief after few minutes.

The effect will decrease when you drink water or other liquids after putting the sensodyne.

2. The Whiskey BC Mix: Works for nearly all tooth pains and is quite effective. Note that this can be nasty when you try it.

   1. Add teaspoon of baking soda in a shot of Whiskey.

   2. Dissolve a packet of BC pain relief powder in the above mix.

   3. Swish around the affected tooth for two minutes.

Try this if you have unmanageable tooth pain and you cant get health care right away.

3. Nyquil therapy: Lots of people swear by this fast and effective trick. It works very well indeed and I have quite a few people thanking me for this one.

Take half a teaspoon of Nyquil or Kroger Nitetime (cold/flu syrups) and swish around the affected area.

Other

Try sucking at a clove or put clove oil on the affected tooth.

Place a raw piece of onion on the affected tooth.

Treatment for Tooth Pain

The treatments for tooth pain vary greatly. They treat the actual cause of your tooth pain. For example

If you have tooth decay, you will have to undergo a filling procedure.

If the tooth decay has reached your pulp, you would have to undergo a RCT procedure.

If you have impacted Wisdom tooth, they need to be extracted.

Your dentist will determine the best treatment option for you after examining you.

How long should the Numbness and tingling remains after dental anathesia?

Many patients feels discomfort and even a little fear when the anesthesia remains for hours after extraction or root canal. Normally the numbness will remain for 2-4 hours in lower teeth and 1-2 hours in upper teeth. Some times the tingling may remains a little longer if the case needs more than one injection.

General speaking if the numbness remained for more than 6-8 hours you should call your your dentist although in the vast majority of cases it will heal shortly. If the tingling remained more than 12 hours you should see your dentist immediately specially if the extraction is on the lower jaw.

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Some times during lower wisdom surgical extraction the nerve may get pressed a little which may cause temporary nerve injury or even complete nerve cutting in rare cases which can be the cause of prolonged tingling.  But generally this type of complication is not common in any extraction except the lower wisdom surgical extraction and still very rare even with wisdom extraction.

In these cases you should see your dentist immediately to treat the case before the temporary damage becomes permanent.